stage of development the ability to talk and Speak

The following will be presented information about the stages of language development and speech of a child. However, it should be noted, that the restrictions contained neither a rigid limitation considering the uniqueness of each child is different from one another. According to Dr. Miriam Stoppard (1995) stages of development of speech and language disorders can be divided as follows:

• 0-8 week 
• 8-24  week   
• Sunday 28 - 1 Year 
• 1 Year - 18 Months 
• 18 Months - 2 Years 
• 2-3 Years 
• 3-4 Years 

0-8  week   
Development of the Speech and Language In the early days, a baby will listen and try to follow the voice. Actually, not only that, since birth he had learned to observe and follow the gestures and facial expressions of people who saw from a distance. Although still in its infancy, a child will be able to understand and feel the presence of two-way communication with a response through gestures and voice. Since the first two weeks, he has begun to engage in conversation, and at week-6 he would recognize the voice of the mother, and at the age of 8 weeks, he was able to start responding to sound familiar.
Actions Parents Guide

1. The earlier parents stimulate their children in a way engage her in conversation and the attitude that encourages a response from the child, the earlier the child will also be interested in learning to talk. Not only that, the quality of conversation and speech will also be better. So keep your child invites a conversation from day one. 
2. Jalinlah communication with decorated by your smile, hugs, and attention. Thus your child will be motivated to try to give its response. 
3. Always show your affection through hugs, kisses, and warmth that can be felt through the tone of your voice. Thus, you stimulate a close emotional bonding between you and your child as well as encouragement. 
4. During communication with your child, do not forget to have eye contact is intense because of the eye is a kid can feel the attention, affection, love and understanding. If you're talking, use eye contact and do not even back to him. 
5. If your child cries, do not be left alone. There are many calm view mistakenly, that if the baby cries should be left alone so that they would not spoiled and the smell of the hand. In fact, the only way a newborn baby to communicate her wants and needs (thirst, hunger, cold, heat, emotional needs, fatigue, boredom) he is through crying. So, if you do not mind crying, after a long time he will be frustrated because their needs neglected. That you should do is give him treatment as needed when she cried. For that, we as parents must learn to comprehend and understand the language cue. There is no harm, if you as if to ask him, such as: "apparently there is something you want, let me try .... I noticed ..." 

8-24 Sunday Development of the Speech and Language Not long after a baby's smile, he began to learn to express themselves through sounds very cute and simple, like 'uh', 'ah', 'uh', 'oh' and soon he will begin to pronounce consonants such as' m ',' p ',' b ',' j 'and' k '. At the age of 12 weeks, a baby has begun to engage in conversation "single" by voicing 'gaga', 'ah goo', and at the age of 16 weeks, he was increasingly able to make a sound like a merry laugh or cry, and bublling. At the age of 24 weeks, a baby will begin to be voiced 'ma', 'ka', 'da' and the like. Actually, many signs indicate that a child has begun to understand what their parents or anyone else says. Funnily enough, the children will play with his own voice and continues to repeat what he heard from his own voice.
Actions Parents Guide

1. To be able to speak, a child needs to practice speaking through the exercise movement mechanism of the mouth, tongue, lips. Actually, the activity of sucking, licking, chewing and spitting out bubbles is a necessary capability. Therefore, train your children well with game or with food. 
2. Frequently sing to your child with songs the children a simple and funny, repeatedly with an emphasis on rhythm and pronunciation. Sing with interspersed games are pitched as well as attractive. So, take your time is to engage in exciting activities such speech and language so that your child is more developed. 
3. One way a child communicates at this age is through laughter. Therefore, frequently joking with him, laughing, making noises and funny expressions and interactions in order to increase communication skills and encourage language skills and speech. 
4. Every newborn, they will learn through habituation or repetition of a pattern, activity, or event name. Through this mechanism you can begin to introduce meaningful words in children during routine activities, such as: the time to eat, you can say "yum-yum" 

Sunday 28 - 1 Year Development of the Speech and Language At 28 weeks of a child begin to say 'ba', 'da', 'ka' is obvious. Even when the tears were very loud and vocal sound with great intonation. At the age of 32 weeks, he will be able to repeat some syllables that have previously been able to say. At the age of 48 weeks, a child was able to start little by little to say a word laden with meaning. In addition, he began to understand the word "no" and follow the simple instructions such as 'bye-bye' or play 'peek-boo'. He also began to imitate animal sounds such as 'woof', 'yoke', 'ck' ..
Actions Parents Guide

1. Be a good model for your child, especially at this time is they begin to learn to imitate the words he had heard and spoken again. Say the words and phrases you are slowly, clearly with accompanying measures (so that children know what they mean or the correlation between the words you speak with concrete actions), and do not forget, body language and facial expressions should also be fitted. 
2. Your child will learn to speak a language not clear to you. So, it's time for you both (your children) can learn from each other for mutual understanding both the desire and intent. Make this activity as a form of fun games that your child does not become discouraged to keep trying to say is right and clear. However, if you're lazy to pay attention to "voice", what he meant, and did not repeat his voice, or even your facial expressions make him so reluctant to try, then your child will feel that "does not allow him to try to express a desire for adults there will be no who understands and will listen ". 
3. Sometimes, follow he voice, however, you also need to pronounce the word correctly. If at any time he managed to utter a syllable or word correctly, praise, along with hugs, kisses, applause .. and tell him, "how smart he was." 
4. If you say a word, be with the explanation of its meaning. Do this continuously, though not all understand. The explanation can be done for example by showing pictures, gestures, posture, or expression. 

1 Year - 18 Months Development of the Speech and Language At the age of one year, a child will be able to say two or three words that have meaning. Actually, he also was able to understand a simple object shown to him. At the age of 15 months, children begin to speak and imitate simple words and are often heard to then express the portion / the right circumstances. 18 months of age, he was able to point to the objects he saw in the book and met every day. He was also able to produce approximately 10 words meaningful.
Actions Parents Guide

1. Increasingly introducing your child to a wide range of voice, sound, like the sound of cars, motorcycles, cats, dogs, etc.. Also introduce the voices that are heard every day, such as open-closed door, the sound of water, the sound of wind rustling in the trees, tearing paper, falling objects, etc.. 
2. Frequently read books that are very simple but loaded with interesting stories to the child and the picture and the colors are "eye catching". Point out objects that appear in the book, mentioned his name, explained what he was doing, how the story goes. Was asked him to repeat the name you mentioned, and do not forget, give praise when he managed to remember and repeat the name you mentioned. 
3. If you're with him, mentioned the names of objects, colors and shapes in every object he sees. 
4. You can start by introducing a number of activities such as counting objects that are being made the game simple. Do it in a relaxed and comfortable so that children do not feel any pressure having to master the ability. 

18 Months - 2 Years Development of the Speech and Language At this age range, the higher the child's speech and complex. Vocabulary can reach 30 words and began to frequently express simple questions, like 'Where?', 'Where?' and give short answers, like 'no', 'there', 'there', 'want'. At this age they also begin to use words that show ownership, such as 'have ani', 'mine'. In any event, a conversation involving the communication of both parties, so the children will also learn to respond after a stimulus. Every day more and more flexible in his use of words and language appropriate to the situation at hand and express their needs. But keep in mind, because the development of motor coordination is also not perfect, then the spoken words are often vague, such as 'bubble' so 'AON', 'bread' so 'oti'.
Actions Parents Guide

1. Begin to introduce your child to explain the nature of vocabulary or quality. Such as "good, beautiful, beautiful, cold, many, little, salty, sweet, naughty, ugly", etc.. How, when you say a certain word, be with the highest quality, such as "good girl, good girl, smart kids, nice clothes, beautiful dolls, brats, sweet bread", etc.. 
2. Begin to introduce to him the words that describe the circumstances or events that happen: today, tomorrow, here, there, yesterday, later, soon, and so on. 
3. You can also introduce the words that show places: above, below, beside, in the middle, at left, on the right, behind, on the edge; you can do this using the example of the movement. Many models of games that you can use to explain these words, even with the game, it would be much more fun for him and for you. 
4. All you need to remember, do not equate your child's development with other children because each child has and have different constraints. So, if your child is less fluent and eloquent, not later pressured him to hurry to optimize its capabilities. This situation will only make it stress. 

2 Year - 3 Years Development of the Speech and Language A child begins to master the 200-300 words and loves to talk alone (monologue). Once upon a time he will pay attention to the words he had just heard to be studied in secret. They began to listen to the messages is full of meaning, that require attention with great interest and attention. Their attention is also wider and more varied. They are also more fluent in conversation, though the pronunciation is also not perfect. Children this age are also increasingly interested in listening to stories that are longer and more complex. If invited to a conversation, it is easy for them to jump from one topic to another. In addition, they are able to use the conjunction "as", eg "go to market the same ani mother", to describe and connect the two different situations. At this age they can also use the word "I", "I", "you" properly. With so many words that they understand, they increasingly understand the difference between a place in the past, present and future is now.
Actions Parents Guide

1. At this age, your child will be happy to talk with kids his age than in adults. Therefore, it would be nice if it was introduced with a lot of kids his age and enrolled in a social environment that can facilitate social skills and berkomunikasinya. One of the goals of parents put their children in nursery school is for this reason, so that children can develop communication skills as well as socialization. However, the language and the spoken word still is self-centered, but over time will be more in line with the development of a social nature and extent of the social networking age. 
2. It often tells the story interesting to your child, because the real story is also the media or the means to express emotions, called emotions are held in his heart, and learn to empathize. Of these activities are not only your child is learning to express themselves verbally daring but also learn social behavior. 
3. Tell him the story is more complex and introduce some new words while explaining its meaning. Do this continuously so that he can remember it and recognize it easily when you repeat the story again in the future. 

3-4 Years Development of the Speech and Language Children begin to use words which are mandatory; it also showed a strong confidence in the use of words and the situation under control. They are happy to recognize new words and keep on practicing to master it. They realize, that the words they can control the situation the way he wanted, could affect other people, can bring friends or her mother. They also began to recognize the concepts of possibility, opportunity, to "assume", "may", "eg", "if". More vocabulary and varied along with the increased use of whole sentences. The children were also more often as an expression of curiosity to ask them, like "why would he Ma?", "Is what he Ma?", "Where you headed?"
Actions Parents Guide

1. Avoid the attitude error correcting pronunciation of words in a straightforward manner, because it will make him ashamed and could even break their will to learn and try. You can repeat these words as clear as you confirm what he meant. Thus, he will understand his mistakes without feeling should be ashamed. 
2. At this age, a child has begun to understand a simple explanation. Therefore, you can start trying to take him to discuss the questions are very simple; and ask what he thought about the matter. That way, you train the way and the process of resolving problems in your child step by step. The results of the opinion that the real exchange rate also enhances self-esteem of children because he felt his opinions heard by adults. 
3. Begin issued a long and complex sentences, so he began to learn to improve its ability to understand sentences. To find out whether he understands or not, you can see the response and reaction, if it does what you want, it can be interpreted quite understand your sentence. 
4. The kids really liked the activities because it's whispered exciting game for them as a way of expressing feelings, and curiosity. 
5. Use fairy tales and fables that reflect the actual world of our children and use it as a way to teach a lot of things without hurting her feelings. With storytelling, you are introduced to him the concepts of morality, values, attitudes are good and evil, justice, virtue and other moral messages. Make your moments with your child as a time of fun, cheerful, relaxed and refreshed. Make it a habit at certain times, like before bed or in the evening. 

Advice for moms and dads Every parent would expect their children to grow healthy and develop optimally fit a reasonable stage of development (even many who wanted more). To that end, some suggestions for preparing a positive and constructive conditions for the child:

• Nutrition and good nutrition required children from prenatal to post-natal period, so that the brain as the organ of speech and data processing and information center can function optimally 
• Screening virus. Expectant mothers are usually advised to test TORCH (Toxoplasma, Rubella, and Herpes Citomegalo), in order to avoid the presence of viruses that are harmful to fetal development (including the formation of sensory organ tissue). Consult with your physician to get a picture and appropriate treatment. 
• No child in this world the exact same, so avoid comparing the attitude of the child. 
• Communicate intensively, eye contact, talk, dialogue, working with children, although children are not able to respond to the complex. Emotions are the language of the transfer is to be captured by the brain child so the child understands what the parents desired. 
• Use various media to develop speech and language skills of children, according to the character of children. Children who are restless and difficult to focus attention not on forced to read books such as children who do not have a problem concentrating. Use other media, such as natural and games to develop language skills. 
• Be aware of the ego that can cause emotional problems in children. I was so eager to talk and speak a smart child, parents forced the hard way and is not appropriate especially with the threat, until the child is actually depressed, scared, confused, angry and upset. 

Hopefully this information is useful for all readers.