In addition to technical factors such as clarity of the stimulus [eg. clear voice, clear images], a wealth of sources stimulus [eg. multi-channel media such as audio-visual], perception is also influenced by psychological factors. Psychological factors are even sometimes better determine how the information / message / stimulus is perceived.A very dominant factor is the factor ekspektansi of the recipient's own information. Ekspektansi
provides perceptual frame of mind or a particular set or mental set
that prepares a person to perceive a certain way. Mental set is influenced by several things.
Availability of prior information; lack of information when a person receives a new stimulus for him would cause chaos in perceiving. Therefore, in the field of education for example, there is the subject matter must first be submitted before a particular matter. Someone who comes in the midst of the discussion, probably will catch things that are not appropriate, much as he does not have the same information with other participants. Information can also be cues to perceive something.Needs; person will tend to perceive things based on their needs at that time. A simple example, a person will be more sensitive to smell the food when hungry than others who had just eaten.Past experience; as a result of the learning process, the experience will greatly affect how a person perceives something. Painful experience cheated by a former girlfriend, will direct a person to perceive other people who approached him with a certain suspicion. Another more extreme example, there are people who can not see the color red [he sees it as a dark color, either black or dark gray] because he had witnessed the murder. On the other hand, when someone has a good experience with the boss, he will tend to perceive it as a good boss, even though all the other subordinates who are not happy with the boss.Examples of images that explain the factors above are the following.Consider the following picture, a picture of what you see?
Availability of prior information; lack of information when a person receives a new stimulus for him would cause chaos in perceiving. Therefore, in the field of education for example, there is the subject matter must first be submitted before a particular matter. Someone who comes in the midst of the discussion, probably will catch things that are not appropriate, much as he does not have the same information with other participants. Information can also be cues to perceive something.Needs; person will tend to perceive things based on their needs at that time. A simple example, a person will be more sensitive to smell the food when hungry than others who had just eaten.Past experience; as a result of the learning process, the experience will greatly affect how a person perceives something. Painful experience cheated by a former girlfriend, will direct a person to perceive other people who approached him with a certain suspicion. Another more extreme example, there are people who can not see the color red [he sees it as a dark color, either black or dark gray] because he had witnessed the murder. On the other hand, when someone has a good experience with the boss, he will tend to perceive it as a good boss, even though all the other subordinates who are not happy with the boss.Examples of images that explain the factors above are the following.Consider the following picture, a picture of what you see?
additional information
Did you see the pictures of dolphins?
Whether after being given the cue / signal that there are pictures of dolphins, and then you can see it?
Another psychological factor is also important in the perception of the succession: emotions, impressions and context.
Emotion will affect someone in receiving and processing information at a time, because most of the energy and attention [a figure] is an emotion is. Someone who is depressed because of an argument with a girlfriend and a stalemate, his jokes would probably perceive as an insult.
Impression; stimulus Salient / stand, will first affect one's perception. Picture is great, contrasting colors, or a strong voice with a certain pitch, it would be interesting for someone to pay attention and become the focus of perception. A person who introduced himself with a polite and well dressed, it's easier perceived positively, and this perception will affect how he viewed the next.
Context; although this latter factor, but by no means less important, if not the most important. Context can be social, cultural or physical environment. Context provides ground that determine how the figure is seen. Focus on the same figure, but in a different groundyang, may give a different meaning.
Did you see the pictures of dolphins?
Whether after being given the cue / signal that there are pictures of dolphins, and then you can see it?
Another psychological factor is also important in the perception of the succession: emotions, impressions and context.
Emotion will affect someone in receiving and processing information at a time, because most of the energy and attention [a figure] is an emotion is. Someone who is depressed because of an argument with a girlfriend and a stalemate, his jokes would probably perceive as an insult.
Impression; stimulus Salient / stand, will first affect one's perception. Picture is great, contrasting colors, or a strong voice with a certain pitch, it would be interesting for someone to pay attention and become the focus of perception. A person who introduced himself with a polite and well dressed, it's easier perceived positively, and this perception will affect how he viewed the next.
Context; although this latter factor, but by no means less important, if not the most important. Context can be social, cultural or physical environment. Context provides ground that determine how the figure is seen. Focus on the same figure, but in a different groundyang, may give a different meaning.
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