PERSONALITY

PERSONALITY by Allport are:

?? "A dynamic organization within the individual physical and psychological systems that determine the characteristic behavior and thought."

Meanwhile, according to Pervin and John:

"Represents the personality characteristics of individuals that consists of patterns of thoughts, feelings and behaviors are consistent."

In the theories of personality, personality trait consisting of, among others, and the type (type). Trait itself is described as a theoretical construct that describes the unit / basic dimensions of personality. Trait describes the consistency of individual responses in different situations. While the type is a grouping of various trait. Compared with the trait concept, the type has a level of regularity and greater generality than the trait.

Trait is a disposition to behave in certain ways, as reflected in the behavior of people in various situations. Personality trait theory is a theory that is based on several assumptions, namely:

1. Trait is a consistent pattern of thoughts, feelings, or actions that distinguish one from another, so that:

• • • Relatively stable trait over time
    • Trait consistent from situation to situation

2. Trait is the basic tendencies that persist for life, but the characteristic behavior can be changed because:

• there is an adaptive process
• the difference in strength, and
• combination of existing trait

Basic personality trait levels change from late adolescence to adulthood. McCrae and Costa believe that during the period from age 18 to 30 years, people are in the process of adopting a stable trait configuration, a configuration that remains stable after the age of 30 years (Feist, 2006).

Trait theory first raised by Gordon W. Allport. In addition to Allport, there are two other experts who developed this theory.

They are Raymond B. Cattell and Hans J. Eysenck.

Allport introduced the term central trait, a collection of words that are commonly used by people to describe an individual. Central trait believed to be a window into a person's personality. According to Allport, the basic unit of personality trait whose existence is rooted in the nervous system. Allport believes that traits unify and integrate the result in a person's behavior with a similar approach (either destination or plans) for different situations. However, two people have the same trait does not always show the same action. They can express their trait in different ways. Differences that make each individual a unique individual. Therefore Allport believes that individuals can only be understood partially when using tests normed group.

Just as Allport, Cattell also believed that the words one uses to describe himself and others is an important clue to the personality structure. The fundamental difference between Allport and Cattell Cattell believe is that the personality can be generalized. Thing to do is to find the base or the main trait of the thousands of existing trait.

According to Allport, genetic and environmental factors are equally influential in determining human behavior. Not only its own genetic or environmental factors alone that determines how personality is formed, but through the reciprocal influence of heredity and environment that gave rise to personality characteristics.

Due to a genetic role in the formation of personality, there are four important insights that need attention:

1. Although genetic factors are important in affecting the environment, non-genetic factors are the factors most responsible for the different circumstances in people
2. Experiences in the family is an important although different family environment for any child with respect to the child's gender, birth order, or a unique event in the life of each child's family.
3. Although there is a strong genetic contribution to personality trait, does not mean that the trait is fixed or can not be influenced by the environment.